I Dewa Ayu Susilawati

Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Jember, Indonesia Oxygen Species)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/stoma.v18i1.27959 

ABSTRACT 

Increasing amount of vascular reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in the pathogenesis of almost all stages  of  cardiovascular  diseases  (CVD),  such  as  atherosclerosis,  hypertension,  myocardial  infartion, etc.  This  paper aimed  to  present  a  brief  review  of  the  important  vascular  sources  of  ROS.  Vascular  ROS  is  mainly  produced  by enzymatic  sources  in  the  vascular  cells,  i.e.  phagocytic  inflammatory  cells  (neutrophils,  monocytes/macrophages), and  nonphagocytic  cells  (endothelium,  smooth  muscle  cell  and  fibroblast).  Enzymatic  sources  of  vascular  ROS  are NADPH  oxidase,  xanthine  oxidase,  eNOS,  lipoxygenase,  cyclooxygenase,  and  mitochondrial  electron  transport.  In conclusion, over production of ROS induce oxidative burst and will be detrimental for cardiovascular health.  A better understanding of ROS would be worwhile for developing method for preventing CVD based on ROS inhibition.